A two-step weighted least-squares method for joint estimation of source and sensor locations: A general framework

It is well known that the Two-step Weighted Least-Squares(TWLS) is a widely used method for source localization and sensor position refinement. For this reason, we propose a unified framework of the TWLS method for joint estimation of multiple disjoint sources and sensor locations in this paper. Unlike some existing works, the presented method is based on more general measurement model, and therefore it can be applied to many different localization scenarios.Besides, it does not have the initialization and local convergence problem. The closed-form expression for the covariance matrix of the proposed TWLS estimator is also derived by exploiting the first-order perturbation analysis. Moreover, the estimation accuracy of the TWLS method is shown analytically to achieve the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB) before the threshold effect takes place. The theoretical analysis is also performed in a common mathematical framework, rather than aiming at some specific signal metrics. Finally, two numerical experiments are performed to support the theoretical development in this paper.     

基于电阻法的工艺液位传感器测量系统及其校准装置的研制

介绍了一种基于电阻法的工艺液位传感器测量系统的设计与实现，该传感器测量系统包括利用液位传感器、点式液位传感器、耗尽关机液位传感器与剩余液位传感器及对应的变送器。设计了相应的半自动校准系统对传感器的精度进行标定，分析了测量结果的不确定度。经过测试，所有传感器各项指标均满足设计要求。该传感器的研制解决了现有容积计量及液压试验系统不能对贮箱各不同部位进行容积和高度监测的问题。     

Multiscale eigenelement method for periodical composites: A review

Based on the eigenvector expansion idea, the Multiscale Eigenelement Method (MEM) was proposed by the author and co-workers. MEM satisfies two equivalent conditions, one condition is the equivalence of strain energy, and the other is the deformation similarity. These two equivalent conditions character the structure-preserving property of a multiscale analysis method. The equivalence of strain energy is necessary for achieving accurate macro behaviors such as lower order frequencies, while the deformation similarity is essential for predicting accurate micro behaviors such as stresses. The MEM has become a powerful multiscale method for the analysis of composite structures because of its high accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, the research advances of MEM are reviewed and all types of eigenelement methods are compared, focusing on superiorities and deficiencies from practical viewpoint. It is concluded that the eigenelement methods with smooth shape functions are more suitable for the analysis of macro behaviors such as lower order frequencies, and the eigenelement methods with piecewise shape functions are suitable for the analysis of both macro and micro behaviors.     

直升机惯性传感器结构的模态优化

提出了一种基于迭代抽样和径向基插值的自适应代理模型方法。这种自适应方法以减少仿真计算数量和提高代理模型自适应能力为目的,使用多岛遗传算法选择新增样本点并使新增样本点位于设计空间的稀疏区域,使得所有的样本点均匀分布于设计空间。标准误差用来判断代理模型的精度大小以决定是否对代理模型进行更新。这种自适应代理模型结合多岛遗传算法对直升机的惯性传感器结构模态进行优化。用拉丁超立方抽样方法选择10个样本点构建初始的代理模型,自适应代理模型的计算结果表明2%的误差条件下需要额外增加7个样本点。优化结果表明不同的权重系数对最优模态特性的影响很大,惯性传感器结构的一至六阶模态值更加远离直升机的激励频率。     

热障涂层在涡轮叶片应用中的热防护有效性

建立了含热障涂层的涡轮叶片简化传热模型,通过理论推导建立了热障涂层的有效性判据,并基于此进行了热防护有效性分析。理论分析与数值实验表明:由热障涂层带来的复合传热表面传热系数的变化会显著影响热障涂层的热防护效果；在发动机典型工况下,对于处于高温区的高压涡轮叶片前缘处,热障涂层引起的复合传热表面传热系数变化率最大值的范围为1.25%~10.83%以满足热防护有效性要求。在工程中应特别注意由于热障涂层的应用带来的复合传热表面传热系数的变化,否则会导致热防护失效,甚至产生反效果。      

Application of a PCA-DBN-based surrogate model to robust aerodynamic design optimization

An efficient method employing a Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Deep Belief Network (DBN)-based surrogate model is developed for robust aerodynamic design optimization in this study. In order to reduce the number of design variables for aerodynamic optimizations, the PCA technique is implemented to the geometric parameters obtained by parameterization method. For the purpose of predicting aerodynamic parameters, the DBN model is established with the reduced design variables as input and the aerodynamic parameters as output, and it is trained using the k-step contrastive divergence algorithm. The established PCA-DBN-based surrogate model is validated through predicting lift-to-drag ratios of a set of airfoils, and the results indicate that the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model is reliable and obtains more accurate predictions than three other surrogate models. Then the efficient optimization method is established by embedding the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model into an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) framework, and applied to the robust aerodynamic design optimizations of Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) airfoil and transonic wing. The optimization results indicate that the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model works very well as a prediction model in the robust optimization processes of both NLF airfoil and transonic wing. By employing the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model, the developed efficient method improves the optimization efficiency obviously.     

太阳电池翼在轨模态光学测量优化的计算机辅助方法

非接触光学测量方法,可作为空间站太阳电池翼等大型航天器柔性部件在轨模态分析的一种潜在手段。为合理布置相机的拍摄工位及视角,有效捕捉靶标运动的位移及方向,提出了利用轨控或姿控激励下柔性附件瞬态响应的结构动力学仿真结果,结合计算机图形学仿真技术,预示虚拟靶标运动过程成像及其位移重构效果,从而对测量有效性做出判断的实验方案评价方法,并通过仿真实验对其可行性进行了验证。该方法可发展为航天器在轨模态测量的计算机辅助优化工具,能充分利用结构动力学仿真成果,弥补大型柔性部件地面实验的不足。     

100 kWe级空间快堆核电源系统仿真平台开发与应用

空间核反应堆电源作为一种具有竞争力的空间电源方案,正逐渐受到关注及应用。本文针对一个100 kWe级锂冷快堆耦合布雷顿循环的空间堆核动力系统方案,修改了RELAP5程序中的物性程序、换热模型,程序中的中子动力学模块使用蒙特卡洛方法计算快堆物理参数与堆芯控制调节参数,由此集成并建立一个空间快堆核动力系统综合仿真平台,应用该平台对100 kWe级空间堆核动力系统进行了稳态模拟与事故分析。结果表明:在瞬态发生后系统各参数变化符合预期,验证了各部件及控制系统的功能性及有效性;同时,还初步进行了仿真平台用于100 kWe级空间反应堆核动力系统设备的设计优化的实践,为空间快堆设计与安全分析提供了技术储备。     

基于核主成分分析的空域复杂度无监督评估

空域复杂度评估作为衡量空域运行态势、管制员工作压力的关键手段，是运行调控的基础。由于影响因素众多，不同因素间耦合关联复杂，且标定样本很难获取，空域复杂度的准确评估被公认为航空领域的一个挑战性问题。提出了一种空域复杂度的无监督评估方法。首先通过核主成分分析挖掘原始样本各维度的非线性耦合关系，准确提取能够最大化复杂度评估信息量的主成分，进一步设计了可按需定制的主成分聚类方法，实现了无监督条件下空域复杂度的准确评估，为空域划分、流量管理提供了有效的技术支撑。     

动态时频谱分析、探测和跟踪的随机有限集法

动态出现和消失多分量信号的时频分析问题一直是非平稳信号处理的难点之一。为此，提出了一种分析、探测和跟踪多分量信号的随机有限集法。该算法利用时频变换，如短时傅里叶变换或自适应谱估计法，以及多项式预测模型，将多分量信号的时频分析问题归纳成可利用随机有限集进行多目标追踪的问题。分析表明：借助于提出的初始权重赋值算法，以及谱分量幅度和频率的联合似然函数，就可利用高斯混合概率假设密度滤波器来实现对动态时频谱的分析、探测和跟踪。在仿真实验中，所提算法有效提升了动态时频谱的跟踪精度，其对微弱时频谱分量的探测能力，以及对载频差异的分析能力均优于文献报道的算法。